如何修改ASM磁盤冗余度

小編給大家分享一下如何修改ASM磁盤冗余度,相信大部分人都還不怎么了解,因此分享這篇文章給大家參考一下,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后大有收獲,下面讓我們一起去了解一下吧!

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翻了一下官方文檔:
Automatic Storage Management Administrator's Guide -〉

4 Administering Oracle ASM Disk Groups -〉
Using the CREATE DISKGROUP SQL Statement -〉 Specify the redundancy level of the disk group.


After a disk group is created, you cannot alter the redundancy level of the disk group. To change the redundancy level, you must create another disk group with the appropriate redundancy and then move the files to the new disk group.
一個ASM磁盤組創(chuàng)建后,不能修改該磁盤組的冗余級別。如果想要修改磁盤組的冗余級別,你必須創(chuàng)建另一個適當冗余級別的磁盤組,然后把數(shù)據(jù)移動到新的磁盤組。

官方文檔鏈接:http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e18951/asmdiskgrps.htm#CHDBDAGI

###############################################################
于是有了下面的實驗:
由于之前的虛擬機環(huán)境為10gASM(下次用11g測下,步驟應(yīng)當差不多),并且數(shù)據(jù)庫存放在+DATA磁盤上,+DATA磁盤設(shè)定的冗余度為常規(guī)冗余,故本實驗將由常規(guī)冗余改為外部冗余。
外部冗余改為常規(guī)冗余和該實驗步驟基本一致。
###############################################################
遷移步驟:
先創(chuàng)建一個新ASM磁盤組。
先將控制文件遷移至磁盤組,再遷移數(shù)據(jù)文件、日志文件等。
###############################################################

一、創(chuàng)建一個新的磁盤組
10g用dbca,11g用asmca,或者直接用指令也可以,這里我用dbca:
如何修改ASM磁盤冗余度

    查看一下磁盤組:

點擊(此處)折疊或打開

  1. [root@oracle4 ~]# su - oracle

  2. [oracle@oracle4 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM

  3. [oracle@oracle4 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

  4. SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Aug 19 01:17:26 2015

  5. Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

  6. Connected to:

  7. Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

  8. With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

  9. SQL> select state,name,type from v$asm_diskgroup;

  10. STATE NAME TYPE

  11. ----------- ------------------------------ ------

  12. MOUNTED DATA NORMAL

  13. MOUNTED RECOVER EXTERN

  14. MOUNTED NEWDG EXTERN

  15. ----這里,我們創(chuàng)建了一個新的ASM磁盤組,名為NEWDG,外部冗余。

  二、將控制文件遷移到新的磁盤組

   環(huán)境:舊控制文件放在+data磁盤組上,新的放在+newdg磁盤組上
  遷移方法:先在+newdg上增加一個控制文件,再刪除+data磁盤上舊的控制文件
  遷移步驟:如下:

  1. ----1.將參數(shù)文件中,控制文件的參數(shù)由+DATA磁盤上的一個路徑改為兩個路徑,

  2. SQL> alter system set control_files='+DATA/asmdb/controlfile/current.260.886430449','+newdg' scope=spfile;

  3. ----2. 改為兩個路徑以后,由于第二個文件并不存在,會報錯。

  4. ----這時重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫至nomount模式,使用rman從第一個控制文件恢復第二個控制文件

  5. SQL> startup force nomount;

  6. ORACLE instance started.

  7. Total System Global Area 608174080 bytes

  8. Fixed Size 1220844 bytes

  9. Variable Size 180358932 bytes

  10. Database Buffers 423624704 bytes

  11. Redo Buffers 2969600 bytes

  12. [oracle@oracle4 dbs]$ rman target /

  13. Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Aug 19 01:47:18 2015

  14. Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

  15. connected to target database: asmdb (not mounted)

  16. RMAN> restore controlfile from '+DATA/asmdb/controlfile/current.260.886430449';

  17. Starting restore at 19-AUG-15

  18. using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

  19. allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

  20. channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK

  21. channel ORA_DISK_1: copied control file copy

  22. output filename=+DATA/asmdb/controlfile/current.260.886430449

  23. output filename=+NEWDG/asmdb/controlfile/backup.257.888112073

  24. Finished restore at 19-AUG-15

  25. ---紅色標注的是生成的新的控制文件

  26. ---這時啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫至nomount模式

  27. ---你會發(fā)現(xiàn)參數(shù)被修改了:

  28. RMAN> alter database mount;

  29. database mounted

  30. released channel: ORA_DISK_1

  31. [oracle@oracle4 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

  32. SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Aug 19 01:48:48 2015

  33. Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

  34. Connected to:

  35. Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

  36. With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

  37. SQL> show parameter control

  38. NAME TYPE VALUE

  39. ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

  40. control_file_record_keep_time integer 7

  41. control_files string +DATA/asmdb/controlfile/curren

  42.  t.260.886430449, +NEWDG/asmdb/controlfile/backup.257.888112073

  43. 新控制文件參數(shù)變成了前面rman恢復的控制文件的位置,如下:

  44. +DATA/asmdb/controlfile/current.260.886430449            ---這是舊的

  45. +NEWDG/asmdb/controlfile/backup.257.888112073        ---這是新的,我們需要被遷移到的位置,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)控制文件已經(jīng)被遷移到了新的位置,接下來需要刪除舊的控制文件

  46. ----3.刪除舊的控制文件,因此將其從控制文件參數(shù)中剔除:

  47. SQL> alter system set control_files='+NEWDG/asmdb/controlfile/backup.257.888112073' scope=spfile;

  48. System altered.

  49. SQL> startup force ; 

  50. ORACLE instance started.

  51. Total System Global Area 608174080 bytes

  52. Fixed Size 1220844 bytes

  53. Variable Size 180358932 bytes

  54. Database Buffers 423624704 bytes

  55. Redo Buffers 2969600 bytes

  56. Database mounted.

  57. Database opened.

  58. SQL> show parameter control

  59. NAME TYPE VALUE

  60. ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

  61. control_file_record_keep_time integer 7

  62. control_files string +NEWDG/asmdb/controlfile/backup.257.888112073

  至此,控制文件被成功移動到+NEWDG磁盤上。

  三、將數(shù)據(jù)文件遷移到新的磁盤組
 
環(huán)境:舊數(shù)據(jù)文件放在+data磁盤組上,新的放在+newdg磁盤組上
 遷移方法:先在+newdg上做數(shù)據(jù)文件的鏡像拷貝,再做switch告訴控制文件我們的數(shù)據(jù)文件在+newdg上,而非+data磁盤上
 遷移步驟:如下:

  1. ----1.拷貝數(shù)據(jù)文件

  2. [oracle@oracle4 dbs]$ rman target /

  3. Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Aug 19 01:51:13 2015

  4. Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

  5. connected to target database: ASMDB (DBID=630629232)

  6. RMAN> backup as copy database format '+newdg';

  7. Starting backup at 19-AUG-15

  8. using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

  9. allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

  10. channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=144 devtype=DISK

  11. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

  12. input datafile fno=00001 name=+DATA/asmdb/datafile/system.256.886430341

  13. output filename=+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/system.258.888112285 tag=TAG20150819T015122 recid=6 stamp=888112417

  14. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:02:17

  15. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

  16. input datafile fno=00003 name=+DATA/asmdb/datafile/sysaux.257.886430341

  17. output filename=+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/sysaux.259.888112421 tag=TAG20150819T015122 recid=7 stamp=888112494

  18. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:01:16

  19. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

  20. input datafile fno=00005 name=+DATA/asmdb/datafile/example.265.886430497

  21. output filename=+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/example.260.888112497 tag=TAG20150819T015122 recid=8 stamp=888112539

  22. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:47

  23. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

  24. input datafile fno=00002 name=+DATA/asmdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.886430341

  25. output filename=+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/undotbs1.261.888112547 tag=TAG20150819T015122 recid=9 stamp=888112564

  26. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26

  27. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

  28. input datafile fno=00004 name=+DATA/asmdb/datafile/users.259.886430341

  29. output filename=+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/users.262.888112571 tag=TAG20150819T015122 recid=10 stamp=888112572

  30. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

  31. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

  32. input datafile fno=00006 name=+DATA/asmdb/datafile/tbs1.267.886604335

  33. output filename=+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/tbs1.263.888112573 tag=TAG20150819T015122 recid=11 stamp=888112580

  34. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

  35. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

  36. copying current control file

  37. output filename=+NEWDG/asmdb/controlfile/backup.264.888112589 tag=TAG20150819T015122 recid=12 stamp=888112601

  38. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

  39. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

  40. channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  41. including current SPFILE in backupset

  42. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-AUG-15

  43. channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-AUG-15

  44. piece handle=+NEWDG/asmdb/backupset/2015_08_19/nnsnf0_tag20150819t015122_0.265.888112607 tag=TAG20150819T015122 comment=NONE

  45. channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

  46. Finished backup at 19-AUG-15

  47. RMAN> list copy of database;

  48. Key File S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name

  49. ------- ---- - --------------- ---------- --------------- ----

  50. 6 1 A 19-AUG-15 559320 19-AUG-15 +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/system.258.888112285

  51. 9 2 A 19-AUG-15 559375 19-AUG-15 +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/undotbs1.261.888112547

  52. 7 3 A 19-AUG-15 559349 19-AUG-15 +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/sysaux.259.888112421

  53. 10 4 A 19-AUG-15 559383 19-AUG-15 +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/users.262.888112571

  54. 8 5 A 19-AUG-15 559366 19-AUG-15 +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/example.260.888112497

  55. 11 6 A 19-AUG-15 559385 19-AUG-15 +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/tbs1.263.888112573

  56. 3 6 A 01-AUG-15 514730 01-AUG-15 /home/oracle/tbs1.bak

  57. ----拷貝完成

  58. ----2.數(shù)據(jù)文件拷貝已經(jīng)完成,我們是在數(shù)據(jù)庫開著的情況下拷貝的,現(xiàn)在需要將數(shù)據(jù)庫切換到新的文件,切換文件實際是告訴控制文件,數(shù)據(jù)文件被移到了新的位置。因此這個步驟只是改變控制文件的內(nèi)容,會很快,但是需要將數(shù)據(jù)庫置為mount狀態(tài)

  59. RMAN> switch database to copy;

  60. RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

  61. RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

  62. RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

  63. RMAN-03002: failure of switch to copy command at 08/19/2015 02:00:35

  64. RMAN-06572: database is open and datafile 1 is not offline

  65. ----注意,需要啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫到mount狀態(tài)執(zhí)行switch

  66. RMAN> shutdown immediate;

  67. database closed

  68. database dismounted

  69. Oracle instance shut down

  70. RMAN> startup mount

  71. connected to target database (not started)

  72. Oracle instance started

  73. database mounted

  74. Total System Global Area 608174080 bytes

  75. Fixed Size 1220844 bytes

  76. Variable Size 180358932 bytes

  77. Database Buffers 423624704 bytes

  78. Redo Buffers 2969600 bytes

  79. RMAN> switch database to copy;

  80. datafile 1 switched to datafile copy "+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/system.258.888112285"

  81. datafile 2 switched to datafile copy "+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/undotbs1.261.888112547"

  82. datafile 3 switched to datafile copy "+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/sysaux.259.888112421"

  83. datafile 4 switched to datafile copy "+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/users.262.888112571"

  84. datafile 5 switched to datafile copy "+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/example.260.888112497"

  85. datafile 6 switched to datafile copy "+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/tbs1.263.888112573"

  86. ----switch成功,數(shù)據(jù)庫使用新的數(shù)據(jù)文件

  87. RMAN> alter database open;

  88. RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

  89. RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

  90. RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

  91. RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 08/19/2015 02:01:54

  92. ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery

  93. ORA-01110: data file 1: '+NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/system.258.888112285'

  94. RMAN> recover database;

  95. Starting recover at 19-AUG-15

  96. allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

  97. channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=157 devtype=DISK

  98. starting media recovery

  99. media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

  100. Finished recover at 19-AUG-15

  101. RMAN> alter database open;

  102. database opened

  成功恢復并打開數(shù)據(jù)庫。

  四、將日志文件、臨時文件、參數(shù)文件等遷移到新的磁盤組
   控制文件和數(shù)據(jù)文件已經(jīng)成功移動,日志文件、臨時文件、參數(shù)文件需要移動
   遷移步驟:如下:
  1. 查看數(shù)據(jù)文件是否正常,并且修改參數(shù)使以后新的文件放在+newdg上

  1. SQL> select name from v$datafile;

  2. NAME

  3. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  4. +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/system.258.888112285

  5. +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/undotbs1.261.888112547

  6. +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/sysaux.259.888112421

  7. +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/users.262.888112571

  8. +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/example.260.888112497

  9. +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/tbs1.263.888112573

  10. 6 rows selected.

  11. ----查看數(shù)據(jù)文件是否正常

  12. SQL> show parameter create

  13. NAME TYPE VALUE

  14. ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

  15. create_bitmap_area_size integer 8388608

  16. create_stored_outlines string

  17. db_create_file_dest string +DATA

  18. db_create_online_log_dest_1 string

  19. db_create_online_log_dest_2 string

  20. db_create_online_log_dest_3 string

  21. db_create_online_log_dest_4 string

  22. db_create_online_log_dest_5 string

  23. SQL> alter system set db_create_file_dest ='+newdg';

  24. ----以后新的文件都生成在新的磁盤組

  25. System altered.

  26.  

  • ----添加臨時文件

  • SQL> select name from v$tempfile;

  • NAME

  • --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  • +DATA/asmdb/tempfile/temp.264.886430485

  • SQL> create temporary tablespace temp01 tempfile size 20M; 

  • Tablespace created.

  • SQL> SQL> select name from v$tempfile;

  • NAME

  • --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  • +DATA/asmdb/tempfile/temp.264.886430485

  • +NEWDG/asmdb/tempfile/temp01.266.888113011

  • SQL> drop tablespace temp including contents and datafiles;

  • drop tablespace temp including contents and datafiles

  • *

  • ERROR at line 1:

  • ORA-12906: cannot drop default temporary tablespace

  • SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace temp01;

  • ----舊的臨時表空間是系統(tǒng)默認臨時表空間,無法刪除,修改后刪除舊的

  • Database altered.

  • SQL> drop tablespace temp including contents and datafiles;

  • Tablespace dropped.

  3. 日志文件:在新磁盤添加新成員,刪除舊成員

  1. ----查看日志組狀況

  2. SQL> select * from v$log;

  3.     GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARC STATUS

  4. ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ----------------

  5. FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM

  6. ------------- ---------

  7.          1 1 5 52428800 1 NO CURRENT

  8.        559083 19-AUG-15

  9.          2 1 3 52428800 1 YES INACTIVE

  10.        507040 01-AUG-15

  11.          3 1 4 52428800 1 YES INACTIVE

  12.        537744 19-AUG-15

  13. ----有三個組,給每個組添加新成員

  14. SQL> alter database add logfile member '+newdg' to group 1;

  15. Database altered.

  16. SQL> alter database add logfile member '+newdg' to group 2;

  17. Database altered.

  18. SQL> alter database add logfile member '+newdg' to group 3;

  19. Database altered.

  20. SQL> alter system switch logfile;

  21. System altered.

  22. SQL> /

  23. System altered.

  24. SQL> /

  25. System altered.

  26. SQL> /

  27. System altered.

  28. ----多次切換日志,至少一輪

  29. SQL> select member from v$logfile;

  30. MEMBER

  31. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  32. +DATA/asmdb/onlinelog/group_3.263.886430465

  33. +DATA/asmdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.886430459

  34. +DATA/asmdb/onlinelog/group_1.261.886430455

  35. +NEWDG/asmdb/onlinelog/group_1.267.888113109

  36. +NEWDG/asmdb/onlinelog/group_2.268.888113113

  37. +NEWDG/asmdb/onlinelog/group_3.269.888113115

  38. 6 rows selected.

  39. ----新成員添加成功

  1. SQL> alter database drop logfile member'+DATA/asmdb/onlinelog/group_3.263.886430465';

  2. Database altered.

  3. SQL> alter database drop logfile member'+DATA/asmdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.886430459';

  4.  alter database drop logfile member'+DATA/asmdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.886430459'

  5. *

  6. ERROR at line 1:

  7. ORA-01609: log 2 is the current log for thread 1 - cannot drop members

  8. ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '+DATA/asmdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.886430459'

  9. ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1:

  10. '+NEWDG/asmdb/onlinelog/group_2.268.888113113'

  11. ----正在使用的不能刪除,先刪除非current,切換日志后再刪除該成員

  12. SQL> alter database drop logfile member'+DATA/asmdb/onlinelog/group_1.261.886430455';

  13. Database altered.

  14. SQL> alter system switch logfile;

  15. System altered.

  16. SQL> alter database drop logfile member'+DATA/asmdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.886430459';

  17. Database altered.

  18. SQL> select member from v$logfile;

  19. MEMBER

  20. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  21. +NEWDG/asmdb/onlinelog/group_1.267.888113109

  22. +NEWDG/asmdb/onlinelog/group_2.268.888113113

  23. +NEWDG/asmdb/onlinelog/group_3.269.888113115

  24. ----新成員添加成功,舊成員刪除成功

  4. 參數(shù)文件:
  利用spfile生成pfile,pfile生成新的spfile,最后將pfile指向新的spfile

  1. ----查看參數(shù)文件

  2. SQL> show parameter spfile

  3. NAME TYPE VALUE

  4. ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

  5. spfile string +DATA/asmdb/spfileasmdb.ora

  6. SQL> create pfile from spfile;

  7. 創(chuàng)建pfile

  8. File created.

  9. SQL> shutdown immediate;

  10. Database closed.

  11. Database dismounted.

  12. ORACLE instance shut down.

  13. SQL> create spfile='+newdg/asmdb/spfileasmdb.ora' from pfile;

  14. ----利用pfile生成新的spfile

  15. File created.

  16. SQL> !

  17. [oracle@oracle4 dbs]$ vi initasmdb.ora 

  18. spfile='+newdg/asmdb/spfileasmdb.ora'

  19. ----pfile指向新的spfile

  20. SQL> startup force

  21. ORACLE instance started.

  22. Total System Global Area 608174080 bytes

  23. Fixed Size 1220844 bytes

  24. Variable Size 180358932 bytes

  25. Database Buffers 423624704 bytes

  26. Redo Buffers 2969600 bytes

  27. Database mounted.

  28. Database opened.

  29. SQL> 

  30. ----新參數(shù)文件添加成功,舊參數(shù)文件刪除成功

  五、檢查

  1. ----檢查

  2. show parameter spfile;

  3. select name from v$controlfile;

  4. select name from v$datafile;

  5. select name from v$tempfile;

  6. select member from v$logfile;

  7. select filename from v$block_change_tracking;

  8. select name from v$flashback_database_logfile;

  9. SQL> show parameter pfile

  10. NAME TYPE VALUE

  11. ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

  12. spfile string +NEWDG/asmdb/spfileasmdb.ora

  13. SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

  14. NAME

  15. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  16. +NEWDG/asmdb/controlfile/backup.257.888112073

  17. SQL> select name from v$datafile;

  18. NAME

  19. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  20. +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/system.258.888112285

  21. +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/undotbs1.261.888112547

  22. +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/sysaux.259.888112421

  23. +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/users.262.888112571

  24. +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/example.260.888112497

  25. +NEWDG/asmdb/datafile/tbs1.263.888112573

  26. 6 rows selected.

  27. SQL> select name from v$tempfile;

  28. NAME

  29. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  30. +NEWDG/asmdb/tempfile/temp01.266.888113011

  31. SQL> select member from v$logfile;

  32. MEMBER

  33. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  34. +NEWDG/asmdb/onlinelog/group_1.267.888113109

  35. +NEWDG/asmdb/onlinelog/group_2.268.888113113

  36. +NEWDG/asmdb/onlinelog/group_3.269.888113115

  37. SQL> select name from v$flashback_database_logfile;

  38. no rows selected

  39. SQL> select filename from v$block_change_tracking;

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文章標題:如何修改ASM磁盤冗余度
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