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大家在日常開發(fā)中離不開動(dòng)畫,屬性動(dòng)畫更為強(qiáng)大,我們不僅要知道如何使用,更要知道他的原理。這樣,才能得心應(yīng)手。那么,今天,就從最簡單的來說,了解下屬性動(dòng)畫的原理。
ObjectAnimator .ofInt(mView,"width",100,500) .setDuration(1000) .start();
ObjectAnimator#ofInt
以這個(gè)為例,代碼如下。
public static ObjectAnimator ofInt(Object target, String propertyName, int... values) { ObjectAnimator anim = new ObjectAnimator(target, propertyName); anim.setIntValues(values); return anim; }
在這個(gè)方法中,首先會(huì)new一個(gè)ObjectAnimator對(duì)象,然后通過setIntValues方法將值設(shè)置進(jìn)去,然后返回。在ObjectAnimator的構(gòu)造方法中,會(huì)通過setTarget方法設(shè)置當(dāng)前動(dòng)畫的對(duì)象,通過setPropertyName設(shè)置當(dāng)前的屬性名。我們重點(diǎn)說下setIntValues方法。
public void setIntValues(int... values) { if (mValues == null || mValues.length == 0) { // No values yet - this animator is being constructed piecemeal. Init the values with // whatever the current propertyName is if (mProperty != null) { setValues(PropertyValuesHolder.ofInt(mProperty, values)); } else { setValues(PropertyValuesHolder.ofInt(mPropertyName, values)); } } else { super.setIntValues(values); } }
首先會(huì)判斷,mValues是不是null,我們這里是null,并且mProperty也是null,所以會(huì)調(diào)用setValues(PropertyValuesHolder.ofInt(mPropertyName, values));
方法。先看PropertyValuesHolder.ofInt
方法,PropertyValuesHolder這個(gè)類是holds屬性和值的,在這個(gè)方法會(huì)構(gòu)造一個(gè)IntPropertyValuesHolder對(duì)象并返回。
public static PropertyValuesHolder ofInt(String propertyName, int... values) { return new IntPropertyValuesHolder(propertyName, values); }
IntPropertyValuesHolder的構(gòu)造方法如下:
public IntPropertyValuesHolder(String propertyName, int... values) { super(propertyName); setIntValues(values); }
在這里,首先會(huì)調(diào)用他的分類的構(gòu)造方法,然后調(diào)用setIntValues方法,在他父類的構(gòu)造方法中,只是設(shè)置了下propertyName。setIntValues內(nèi)容如下:
public void setIntValues(int... values) { super.setIntValues(values); mIntKeyframes = (Keyframes.IntKeyframes) mKeyframes; }
在父類的setIntValues方法中,初始化了mValueType為int.class,mKeyframes為KeyframeSet.ofInt(values)。其中KeyframeSet為關(guān)鍵幀集合。然后將mKeyframes賦值給mIntKeyframes。
KeyframeSet
這個(gè)類是記錄關(guān)鍵幀的。我們看下他的ofInt方法。
public static KeyframeSet ofInt(int... values) { int numKeyframes = values.length; IntKeyframe keyframes[] = new IntKeyframe[Math.max(numKeyframes,2)]; if (numKeyframes == 1) { keyframes[0] = (IntKeyframe) Keyframe.ofInt(0f); keyframes[1] = (IntKeyframe) Keyframe.ofInt(1f, values[0]); } else { keyframes[0] = (IntKeyframe) Keyframe.ofInt(0f, values[0]); for (int i = 1; i < numKeyframes; ++i) { keyframes[i] = (IntKeyframe) Keyframe.ofInt((float) i / (numKeyframes - 1), values[i]); } } return new IntKeyframeSet(keyframes); }
在這里呢?根據(jù)傳入的values來計(jì)算關(guān)鍵幀,最后返回IntKeyframeSet。
回到ObjectAnimator里面,這里的setValues用的是父類ValueAnimator的
ValueAnimator#setValues
public void setValues(PropertyValuesHolder... values) { int numValues = values.length; mValues = values; mValuesMap = new HashMap<String, PropertyValuesHolder>(numValues); for (int i = 0; i < numValues; ++i) { PropertyValuesHolder valuesHolder = values[i]; mValuesMap.put(valuesHolder.getPropertyName(), valuesHolder); } // New property/values/target should cause re-initialization prior to starting mInitialized = false; }
這里的操作就簡單了,就是把PropertyValuesHolder放入到mValuesMap中。
ObjectAnimator#start
這個(gè)方法就是動(dòng)畫開始的地方。
public void start() { // See if any of the current active/pending animators need to be canceled AnimationHandler handler = sAnimationHandler.get(); if (handler != null) { int numAnims = handler.mAnimations.size(); for (int i = numAnims - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (handler.mAnimations.get(i) instanceof ObjectAnimator) { ObjectAnimator anim = (ObjectAnimator) handler.mAnimations.get(i); if (anim.mAutoCancel && hasSameTargetAndProperties(anim)) { anim.cancel(); } } } numAnims = handler.mPendingAnimations.size(); for (int i = numAnims - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (handler.mPendingAnimations.get(i) instanceof ObjectAnimator) { ObjectAnimator anim = (ObjectAnimator) handler.mPendingAnimations.get(i); if (anim.mAutoCancel && hasSameTargetAndProperties(anim)) { anim.cancel(); } } } numAnims = handler.mDelayedAnims.size(); for (int i = numAnims - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (handler.mDelayedAnims.get(i) instanceof ObjectAnimator) { ObjectAnimator anim = (ObjectAnimator) handler.mDelayedAnims.get(i); if (anim.mAutoCancel && hasSameTargetAndProperties(anim)) { anim.cancel(); } } } } if (DBG) { Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Anim target, duration: " + getTarget() + ", " + getDuration()); for (int i = 0; i < mValues.length; ++i) { PropertyValuesHolder pvh = mValues[i]; Log.d(LOG_TAG, " Values[" + i + "]: " + pvh.getPropertyName() + ", " + pvh.mKeyframes.getValue(0) + ", " + pvh.mKeyframes.getValue(1)); } } super.start(); }
首先呢,會(huì)獲取AnimationHandler對(duì)象,如果不為空的話,就會(huì)判斷是mAnimations、mPendingAnimations、mDelayedAnims中的動(dòng)畫,并且取消。最后調(diào)用父類的start方法。
ValueAnimator#start
private void start(boolean playBackwards) { if (Looper.myLooper() == null) { throw new AndroidRuntimeException("Animators may only be run on Looper threads"); } mReversing = playBackwards; mPlayingBackwards = playBackwards; if (playBackwards && mSeekFraction != -1) { if (mSeekFraction == 0 && mCurrentIteration == 0) { // special case: reversing from seek-to-0 should act as if not seeked at all mSeekFraction = 0; } else if (mRepeatCount == INFINITE) { mSeekFraction = 1 - (mSeekFraction % 1); } else { mSeekFraction = 1 + mRepeatCount - (mCurrentIteration + mSeekFraction); } mCurrentIteration = (int) mSeekFraction; mSeekFraction = mSeekFraction % 1; } if (mCurrentIteration > 0 && mRepeatMode == REVERSE && (mCurrentIteration < (mRepeatCount + 1) || mRepeatCount == INFINITE)) { // if we were seeked to some other iteration in a reversing animator, // figure out the correct direction to start playing based on the iteration if (playBackwards) { mPlayingBackwards = (mCurrentIteration % 2) == 0; } else { mPlayingBackwards = (mCurrentIteration % 2) != 0; } } int prevPlayingState = mPlayingState; mPlayingState = STOPPED; mStarted = true; mStartedDelay = false; mPaused = false; updateScaledDuration(); // in case the scale factor has changed since creation time AnimationHandler animationHandler = getOrCreateAnimationHandler(); animationHandler.mPendingAnimations.add(this); if (mStartDelay == 0) { // This sets the initial value of the animation, prior to actually starting it running if (prevPlayingState != SEEKED) { setCurrentPlayTime(0); } mPlayingState = STOPPED; mRunning = true; notifyStartListeners(); } animationHandler.start(); }
在animationHandler.start
中,會(huì)調(diào)用scheduleAnimation方法,在這個(gè)種,會(huì)用mChoreographerpost一個(gè)callback,最終會(huì)執(zhí)行mAnimate的run方法。mChoreographerpost涉及到VSYNC,這里不多介紹。
mAnimate#run
doAnimationFrame(mChoreographer.getFrameTime());
在這里會(huì)用過doAnimationFrame設(shè)置動(dòng)畫幀,我們看下這個(gè)方法的代碼。
void doAnimationFrame(long frameTime) { mLastFrameTime = frameTime; // mPendingAnimations holds any animations that have requested to be started // We're going to clear mPendingAnimations, but starting animation may // cause more to be added to the pending list (for example, if one animation // starting triggers another starting). So we loop until mPendingAnimations // is empty. while (mPendingAnimations.size() > 0) { ArrayList<ValueAnimator> pendingCopy = (ArrayList<ValueAnimator>) mPendingAnimations.clone(); mPendingAnimations.clear(); int count = pendingCopy.size(); for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) { ValueAnimator anim = pendingCopy.get(i); // If the animation has a startDelay, place it on the delayed list if (anim.mStartDelay == 0) { anim.startAnimation(this); } else { mDelayedAnims.add(anim); } } } // Next, process animations currently sitting on the delayed queue, adding // them to the active animations if they are ready int numDelayedAnims = mDelayedAnims.size(); for (int i = 0; i < numDelayedAnims; ++i) { ValueAnimator anim = mDelayedAnims.get(i); if (anim.delayedAnimationFrame(frameTime)) { mReadyAnims.add(anim); } } int numReadyAnims = mReadyAnims.size(); if (numReadyAnims > 0) { for (int i = 0; i < numReadyAnims; ++i) { ValueAnimator anim = mReadyAnims.get(i); anim.startAnimation(this); anim.mRunning = true; mDelayedAnims.remove(anim); } mReadyAnims.clear(); } // Now process all active animations. The return value from animationFrame() // tells the handler whether it should now be ended int numAnims = mAnimations.size(); for (int i = 0; i < numAnims; ++i) { mTmpAnimations.add(mAnimations.get(i)); } for (int i = 0; i < numAnims; ++i) { ValueAnimator anim = mTmpAnimations.get(i); if (mAnimations.contains(anim) && anim.doAnimationFrame(frameTime)) { mEndingAnims.add(anim); } } mTmpAnimations.clear(); if (mEndingAnims.size() > 0) { for (int i = 0; i < mEndingAnims.size(); ++i) { mEndingAnims.get(i).endAnimation(this); } mEndingAnims.clear(); } // Schedule final commit for the frame. mChoreographer.postCallback(Choreographer.CALLBACK_COMMIT, mCommit, null); // If there are still active or delayed animations, schedule a future call to // onAnimate to process the next frame of the animations. if (!mAnimations.isEmpty() || !mDelayedAnims.isEmpty()) { scheduleAnimation(); } }
方法較長,邏輯如下:
從上面我們能看出,執(zhí)行動(dòng)畫的關(guān)鍵是doAnimationFrame方法。在這個(gè)方法中,會(huì)調(diào)用animationFrame方法。
ValueAniator#animationFrame
boolean animationFrame(long currentTime) { boolean done = false; switch (mPlayingState) { case RUNNING: case SEEKED: float fraction = mDuration > 0 ? (float)(currentTime - mStartTime) / mDuration : 1f; if (mDuration == 0 && mRepeatCount != INFINITE) { // Skip to the end mCurrentIteration = mRepeatCount; if (!mReversing) { mPlayingBackwards = false; } } if (fraction >= 1f) { if (mCurrentIteration < mRepeatCount || mRepeatCount == INFINITE) { // Time to repeat if (mListeners != null) { int numListeners = mListeners.size(); for (int i = 0; i < numListeners; ++i) { mListeners.get(i).onAnimationRepeat(this); } } if (mRepeatMode == REVERSE) { mPlayingBackwards = !mPlayingBackwards; } mCurrentIteration += (int) fraction; fraction = fraction % 1f; mStartTime += mDuration; // Note: We do not need to update the value of mStartTimeCommitted here // since we just added a duration offset. } else { done = true; fraction = Math.min(fraction, 1.0f); } } if (mPlayingBackwards) { fraction = 1f - fraction; } animateValue(fraction); break; } return done; }
根據(jù)虛擬機(jī)執(zhí)行引擎動(dòng)態(tài)分派原則,這里會(huì)調(diào)用ObjectAnimator的animateValue方法。
ObjectAnimator#animateValue
void animateValue(float fraction) { final Object target = getTarget(); if (mTarget != null && target == null) { // We lost the target reference, cancel and clean up. cancel(); return; } super.animateValue(fraction); int numValues = mValues.length; for (int i = 0; i < numValues; ++i) { mValues[i].setAnimatedValue(target); } }
這里主要干了兩件事,
其父類的方法如下:
void animateValue(float fraction) { fraction = mInterpolator.getInterpolation(fraction); mCurrentFraction = fraction; int numValues = mValues.length; for (int i = 0; i < numValues; ++i) { mValues[i].calculateValue(fraction); } if (mUpdateListeners != null) { int numListeners = mUpdateListeners.size(); for (int i = 0; i < numListeners; ++i) { mUpdateListeners.get(i).onAnimationUpdate(this); } } }
在這個(gè)方法中,會(huì)通過Interpolator得到出當(dāng)前的fraction,并通過calculateValue來計(jì)算當(dāng)前應(yīng)該的值,這里會(huì)調(diào)用IntPropertyValuesHolder的calculateValue
void calculateValue(float fraction) { mIntAnimatedValue = mIntKeyframes.getIntValue(fraction); }
我們知道,mIntKeyframes對(duì)應(yīng)的是IntKeyframeSet。在這個(gè)類的getIntValue中,會(huì)通過TypeEvaluator來計(jì)算當(dāng)前對(duì)應(yīng)的值。不多說了。
最后,回到animateValue。計(jì)算了值之后,會(huì)調(diào)用setAnimatedValue來設(shè)置值。我們看看他的實(shí)現(xiàn)。
IntPropertyValuesHolder#setAnimatedValue
void setAnimatedValue(Object target) { if (mIntProperty != null) { mIntProperty.setValue(target, mIntAnimatedValue); return; } if (mProperty != null) { mProperty.set(target, mIntAnimatedValue); return; } if (mJniSetter != 0) { nCallIntMethod(target, mJniSetter, mIntAnimatedValue); return; } if (mSetter != null) { try { mTmpValueArray[0] = mIntAnimatedValue; mSetter.invoke(target, mTmpValueArray); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { Log.e("PropertyValuesHolder", e.toString()); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { Log.e("PropertyValuesHolder", e.toString()); } } }
恩,到這里就能看到修改屬性值得痕跡了,有以下四種情況
首先,我們通過String propertyName, int… values參數(shù)構(gòu)造的對(duì)象,mIntProperty為null,并且mProperty也為null。那其他兩個(gè)是怎么來的呢?似乎漏了什么?
還節(jié)的,在doAnimationFrame中,直接調(diào)用startAnimation么?沒錯(cuò),就是這里。
startAnimation
在這個(gè)方法中調(diào)用了initAnimation方法。還是根據(jù)動(dòng)態(tài)分派規(guī)則,這里調(diào)用ObjectAnimator的initAnimation方法。在這里調(diào)用PropertyValuesHolder的setupSetterAndGetter方法,在這里對(duì)mSetter等進(jìn)行了初始化,這里就不多說了,大家自己看代碼吧。
好了,以上就是關(guān)于Android中屬性動(dòng)畫對(duì)的全部內(nèi)容,希望本文的內(nèi)容對(duì)各位Android開發(fā)者們能帶來一定的幫助,如果有疑問大家可以留言交流,謝謝大家對(duì)創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)的支持。
本文標(biāo)題:Android源碼解析之屬性動(dòng)畫詳解
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