Mysql多實(shí)例如何安裝配置

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1.OS用戶創(chuàng)建/軟件解壓/OS權(quán)限配置

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  1. [root@wbg software]# groupadd mysql

  2. [root@wbg software]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

  3. [root@wbg software]# cd /usr/local

  4. [root@wbg local]# tar zxvf ~/software/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

  5. 解壓中。。。

  6. [root@wbg local]# ln -s mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql

  7. [root@wbg mysql]# mkdir mysql-files

  8. [root@wbg mysql]# chmod 750 mysql-files

  9. [root@wbg mysql]# chown -R mysql .

  10. [root@wbg mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .

2.編寫(xiě)/etc/my.cnf

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  1. [mysqld_multi]

  2. mysqld = /usr/local/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe

  3. mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/mysqladmin

  4. user = root

  5. password = gg

  6. log     =/root/multi.log

  8. [mysqld3306]

  9. socket = /tmp/mysql.sock3306

  10. port = 3306

  11. pid-file = /mydata/3306/hostname.pid.3306

  12. datadir = /mydata/3306/

  13. #language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english

  14. user = mysql

  16. [mysqld3308]

  17. mysqld = /usr/local/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe

  18. #ledir = /path/to/mysqld-binary/

  19. mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/mysqladmin

  20. socket = /tmp/mysql.sock3308

  21. port = 3308

  22. pid-file = /mydata/3308/hostname.pid.3308

  23. datadir = /mydata/3308/

  24. #language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/swedish

  25. user = mysql

  27. [client]

  28. #port=3306

  29. #socket=/tmp/mysql.sock3306

  30. #port=3308

  31. #socket=/tmp/mysql.sock3308

我用的是官方的模板來(lái)做的，用的參數(shù)比較的少，而且我還在官方的模板基礎(chǔ)上注釋掉了幾個(gè)參數(shù)。

3.為每個(gè)實(shí)力單獨(dú)創(chuàng)建目錄

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  1. [root@wbg mysql]# mkdir /mydata

  2. [root@wbg mysql]# cd /mydata

  3. [root@wbg mydata]# mkdir 3306

  4. [root@wbg mydata]# mkdir 3308

  5. [root@wbg mydata]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mydata/

4.初始化實(shí)例（2個(gè)都要做，這里只貼一個(gè)了）（前面2個(gè)是反面教程，最后一個(gè)是對(duì)的）

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  1. [root@wbg mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

  2. 2017-10-23T09:13:53.872808Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

  3. 2017-10-23T09:13:54.385216Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

  4. 2017-10-23T09:13:54.547668Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

  5. 2017-10-23T09:13:54.630447Z 0 [ERROR] Too many arguments (first extra is 'defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf').

  6. 2017-10-23T09:13:54.630493Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

需要添加--explicit_defaults_for_timestamp這個(gè)配置，要不然有警告。

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  1. [root@wbg mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf   --datadir=/mydata/3308/ --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

  2. 2017-10-23T09:45:43.659977Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

  3. 2017-10-23T09:45:43.806836Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

  4. 2017-10-23T09:45:43.912638Z 0 [ERROR] unknown variable 'defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf'

  5. 2017-10-23T09:45:43.912685Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

initialize和defaults-file的順序也要注意，我在這里耽誤了很多時(shí)間。

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  1. [root@wbg mysql]# bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf  --initialize --user=mysql  --datadir=/mydata/3308/ --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

  2. 2017-10-23T09:50:48.217054Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

  3. 2017-10-23T09:50:48.430856Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

  4. 2017-10-23T09:50:48.500114Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: a5c39a70-b7d7-11e7-a63a-080027736559.

  5. 2017-10-23T09:50:48.510651Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.

  6. 2017-10-23T09:50:48.513336Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 6epfT_PyU+EG

最后的這個(gè)是正確的。

5.安裝SSL

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  1. [root@wbg mysql]# bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

  2. Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key

  3. ......................+++

  4. ................................................+++

  5. writing new private key to 'ca-key.pem'

  6. -----

  7. Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key

  8. .......................................................................................+++

  9. ..................................................................................................................+++

  10. writing new private key to 'server-key.pem'

  11. -----

  12. Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key

  13. ..............................+++

  14. ...........+++

  15. writing new private key to 'client-key.pem'

  16. -----

在MySQL 5.7.6以上的版本，需要安裝這個(gè)，不然會(huì)有如下的警告

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  1. 2017-10-23T18:15:21.506002Z 0 [Warning] Failed to set up SSL because of the following SSL library error: SSL context is not usable without certificate and private key

6.在profile中增加一段配置

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  1. PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

7.設(shè)置每個(gè)實(shí)例的登陸口令（2個(gè)實(shí)例都要做）

設(shè)置密碼，利用默認(rèn)密碼

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  1. [root@wbg ~]# mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock3308 -p

  2. Enter password:

  3. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

  4. Your MySQL connection id is 12

  5. Server version: 5.7.18

  8. Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

  11. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

  12. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

  13. owners.

  16. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

  19. mysql> alter user user() identified by 'bb';

  20. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


8.測(cè)試一下

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  1. [root@wbg ~]# mysqld_multi report

  2. Reporting MySQL servers

  3. MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is not running

  4. MySQL server from group: mysqld3308 is not running

  5. [root@wbg ~]# mysqld_multi start

  6. [root@wbg ~]# mysqld_multi report

  7. Reporting MySQL servers

  8. MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running

  9. MySQL server from group: mysqld3308 is running


到這里多實(shí)例就配置完成了。

額外說(shuō)明：

1.這種配置最后只有一個(gè)實(shí)例可以用tcp/ip。在my.cnf的[client]下，最后只能有一組配置可以生效。所有的實(shí)例都可以用socket去連接。
2.我這里演示的，是用root作為administrative account，而且它們的密碼都是一樣的，如果root的密碼不一樣，官方文檔也有解決方案。

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  1. Make sure that the MySQL account used for stopping the mysqld servers (with the mysqladmin program) has the same user name and password for each server. Also, make sure that the account has the SHUTDOWN privilege. If the servers that you want to manage have different user names or passwords for the administrative accounts, you might want to create an account on each server that has the same user name and password. For example, you might set up a common multi_admin account by executing the following commands for each server:

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  1. shell> mysql -u root -S /tmp/mysql.sock -p

  2. Enter password:

  3. mysql> CREATE USER 'multi_admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'multipass';

  4. mysql> GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'multi_admin'@'localhost';

3.在編輯my.cnf的時(shí)候，要注意[mysqld_multi]下的user是mysqld_multi的administrative account，這是mysql的用戶。
[mysqldN]下的user是OS的用戶。這些通過(guò)官方文檔的模板可以很快的看出來(lái)。

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