mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝和修改默認(rèn)存儲路徑的方法

這篇文章主要介紹“MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝和修改默認(rèn)存儲路徑的方法”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝和修改默認(rèn)存儲路徑的方法問題上存在疑惑，小編查閱了各式資料，整理出簡單好用的操作方法，希望對大家解答”mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝和修改默認(rèn)存儲路徑的方法”的疑惑有所幫助！接下來，請跟著小編一起來學(xué)習(xí)吧！

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1、mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝

[root@zrbapp ~]#

[root@zrbapp ~]# ll /soft/mysql_software/

total 196380

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25402568 Oct 31 23:51 mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 280904 Oct 31 23:51 mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2271668 Oct 31 23:51 mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 173130520 Oct 31 23:52 mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 245 Oct 31 23:52 tool

[root@zrbapp ~]#

[root@zrbapp ~]# rpm -ivh /soft/mysql_software/*.rpm

warning: /soft/mysql_software/mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

Preparing... ################################# [100%]

Updating / installing...

1:mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.e################################# [ 25%]

2:mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el7################################# [ 50%]

3:mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.e################################# [ 75%]

4:mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.e################################# [100%]

[root@zrbapp ~]#

[root@zrbapp ~]# systemctl start mysqld

[root@zrbapp ~]#

[root@zrbapp ~]# systemctl status mysqld

● mysqld.service - MySQL Server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since Fri 2019-11-01 04:36:09 CST; 17s ago

Docs: man:mysqld(8)

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

Process: 10148 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Process: 10074 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Main PID: 10151 (mysqld)

CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service

└─10151 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Nov 01 04:35:50 zrbapp02 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...

Nov 01 04:36:09 zrbapp02 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

[root@zrbapp ~]#

2、修改mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫默認(rèn)路徑

[root@zrbapp mysql]#

[root@zrbapp mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data

# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.

# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging

# changes to the binary log between backups.

# log_bin

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.

# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.

# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.

# join_buffer_size = 128M

# sort_buffer_size = 2M

# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

datadir=/var/lib/mysql ----修改默認(rèn)路徑到指定位置

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

[root@zrbapp mysql]#

2.1 停止mysql數(shù)據(jù)

[root@zrbapp mysql]# systemctl stop mysqld

2.2 將mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫打包

[root@zrbapp mysql]# cd /var/lib

[root@zrbapp mysql]# tar -cvf mysql.tar mysql

[root@zrbapp mysql]# ll /var/lib/mysql.tar

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 126791680 Nov 1 06:03 /var/lib/mysql.tar

[root@zrbapp mysql]#

2.3 創(chuàng)建mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫目標(biāo)存儲路徑并賦屬組權(quán)限

[root@zrbapp mysql]# mkdir -p /mysqldb

[root@zrbapp mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mysqldb

[root@zrbapp mysql]# chown -R 755 /mysqldb

2.4 將打包好的mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫移動到目標(biāo)存儲路徑（mysqldb)

[root@zrbapp mysql]# mv /var/lib/mysql.tar /mysqldb

2.5 進(jìn)入目標(biāo)存儲路徑解壓mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫

[root@zrbapp mysql]# cd /mysqldb

[root@zrbapp mysql]# tar -xvf mysqldb.tar

2.6 修改mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫配置文件my.cnf

[root@zrbapp mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data

# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.

# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging

# changes to the binary log between backups.

# log_bin

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.

# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.

# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.

# join_buffer_size = 128M

# sort_buffer_size = 2M

# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

#datadir=/var/lib/mysql ----注銷掉原來mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫路徑

datadir=/mysqldb/mysql ----增加目標(biāo)mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫路徑

#socket=/mysqldb/mysql/mysql.sock

#socket路徑若修改則在刪除/var/lib/mysql數(shù)據(jù)時則不用考慮保留mysql.sock文件，本例保持默認(rèn)！

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

#socket路徑可以保持不變，但注意在刪除/var/lib/mysql目錄的mysql的文件時則需要保留mysql.sock文件,否則導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動失??；

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

wq! ----并保存退出即可

刪除/var/lib/mysql目錄下除mysql.sock和mysql.sock.lock以外的所有文件，當(dāng)前也可以選擇不刪除不影響

[root@zrbapp mysql]# ls

auto.cnf ca.pem client-key.pem ibdata1 ib_logfile1 mysql.sock performance_schema public_key.pem server-key.pem

ca-key.pem client-cert.pem ib_buffer_pool ib_logfile0 mysql mysql.sock.lock private_key.pem server-cert.pem sys

[root@zrbapp mysql]#

2.7 啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫并查看狀態(tài)

[root@zrbapp mysql]#

[root@zrbapp mysql]# systemctl start mysqld

[root@zrbapp mysql]#

[root@zrbapp mysql]# systemctl status mysqld

● mysqld.service - MySQL Server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running)since Fri 2019-11-01 06:20:36 CST; 6s ago ----數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動正常；

Docs: man:mysqld(8)

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

Process: 10348 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Process: 10331 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Main PID: 10351 (mysqld)

CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service

└─10351 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Nov 01 06:20:33 zrbapp systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...

Nov 01 06:20:36 zrbapp systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

[root@zrbapp mysql]#

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