Oracle12c新特性之多線程數(shù)據(jù)庫的示例分析-創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)
這篇文章將為大家詳細(xì)講解有關(guān)Oracle 12c新特性之多線程數(shù)據(jù)庫的示例分析，小編覺得挺實用的，因此分享給大家做個參考，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后可以有所收獲。
有一個概念，叫多進程和多線程。在Unix/Linux等環(huán)境下面。數(shù)據(jù)庫是以多進程的方式運行的，當(dāng)一個會話連接進來，就會通過監(jiān)聽，然后在服務(wù)器上創(chuàng)建一個進程。而在Windows上面它是以多線程的方式來運行的。一個進程有很多個thread線程。而在12c這個版本上面，Oracle在Unix/Linux平臺上做出了一些改變，引入了多線程的方式。通過參數(shù)threaded_execution，我們可以控制數(shù)據(jù)庫是以多進程方式運行還是以多線程方式運行，默認(rèn)該參數(shù)是false數(shù)據(jù)庫以多進程方式運行。
1.查看參數(shù)的默認(rèn)值，和數(shù)據(jù)庫進程狀態(tài).
[oracle@ol6 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Aug 3 15:57:59 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production SQL> show parameter threaded NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ threaded_execution boolean FALSE [root@ol6 ~]# ps -ef | grep cdb1 oracle 1773 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:04 ora_pmon_cdb1 oracle 1775 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:01 ora_clmn_cdb1 oracle 1777 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:13 ora_psp0_cdb1 oracle 1786 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:17:01 ora_vktm_cdb1 oracle 1790 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:08 ora_gen0_cdb1 oracle 1792 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:01 ora_mman_cdb1 oracle 1796 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:19 ora_gen1_cdb1 oracle 1800 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:03 ora_diag_cdb1 oracle 1802 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:01 ora_ofsd_cdb1 oracle 1806 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:29 ora_dbrm_cdb1 oracle 1808 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:01:14 ora_vkrm_cdb1 oracle 1810 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:03 ora_svcb_cdb1 oracle 1812 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:10 ora_pman_cdb1 oracle 1814 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:48 ora_dia0_cdb1 oracle 1816 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:08 ora_dbw0_cdb1 oracle 1818 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:10 ora_lgwr_cdb1 oracle 1820 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:18 ora_ckpt_cdb1 oracle 1822 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:01 ora_smon_cdb1 oracle 1824 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:04 ora_smco_cdb1 oracle 1826 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_cdb1 oracle 1830 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:03 ora_lreg_cdb1 oracle 1834 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:01 ora_pxmn_cdb1 oracle 1838 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:20 ora_mmon_cdb1 oracle 1840 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:26 ora_mmnl_cdb1 oracle 1842 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_cdb1 oracle 1844 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_cdb1 oracle 1846 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:00 ora_tmon_cdb1 oracle 1869 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:00 ora_tt00_cdb1 oracle 1871 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:00 ora_tt01_cdb1 oracle 1873 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:02 ora_tt02_cdb1 oracle 1875 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:00 ora_aqpc_cdb1 oracle 1879 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:02 ora_p000_cdb1 oracle 1881 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:02 ora_p001_cdb1 oracle 1883 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:02 ora_p002_cdb1 oracle 1885 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:02 ora_p003_cdb1 oracle 2039 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:02:36 ora_cjq0_cdb1 oracle 2109 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:01 ora_qm02_cdb1 oracle 2113 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:00 ora_q002_cdb1 oracle 2120 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:02 ora_q005_cdb1 oracle 24076 1 0 15:56 ? 00:00:00 ora_w000_cdb1 oracle 24149 1 0 15:56 ? 00:00:00 ora_q003_cdb1 oracle 24154 1 0 15:56 ? 00:00:00 ora_q004_cdb1 oracle 24161 1 0 15:56 ? 00:00:00 ora_q006_cdb1 oracle 24165 1 0 15:56 ? 00:00:00 ora_w001_cdb1 oracle 24317 1 0 15:57 ? 00:00:00 ora_w002_cdb1 oracle 24422 24421 0 15:57 ? 00:00:00 oraclecdb1 (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq))) root 24504 24458 0 15:58 pts/1 00:00:00 grep cdb1 oracle 28778 1 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:01 ora_q001_cdb1 oracle 29034 29033 0 Aug02 ? 00:00:00 oraclecdb1 (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
2.修改參數(shù)重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET threaded_execution = true SCOPE = SPFILE; System altered. SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. [oracle@ol6 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Aug 3 15:59:47 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup ERROR: ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
當(dāng)重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫的時候會遇到一些障礙，這里居然報無效的用戶名和密碼。這是因為我們修改了線程模式導(dǎo)致的，在這個時候我們需要通過先sqlplus /nolog，然后在conn的方式進行連接。
[oracle@ol6 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Aug 3 16:02:15 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> conn sys as sysdba Enter password: Connected. SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA-01507: database not mounted ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 629145600 bytes Fixed Size 8795760 bytes Variable Size 322963856 bytes Database Buffers 293601280 bytes Redo Buffers 3784704 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> show parameter threaded NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ threaded_execution boolean TRUE
3.修改完參數(shù)之后查看進程狀態(tài)。
后臺進程的數(shù)量減少了。一些后臺進程（pmon，dbw，lgwr，psp，vktm）的行為與以前一樣。奇怪的是居然smon也沒了。其他backgtound進程屬于名為ora_uxxx_ 的多線程進程。
[root@ol6 ~]# ps -ef | grep cdb1 oracle 25236 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_cdb1 oracle 25238 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_u002_cdb1 oracle 25242 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_cdb1 oracle 25244 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_vktm_cdb1 oracle 25251 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen1_cdb1 oracle 25255 1 21 16:03 ? 00:00:14 ora_u006_cdb1 oracle 25259 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_ofsd_cdb1 oracle 25268 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_cdb1 oracle 25270 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_cdb1 root 25629 24458 0 16:04 pts/1 00:00:00 grep cdb1
4.通過系統(tǒng)視圖查看進程狀態(tài)。
這里我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)execution_type,一部分已經(jīng)變成了THREAD,我們的SMON也變成了THREAD狀態(tài)。
SQL> select spid, stid, pname, program, execution_type from v$process order by execution_type, spid, stid; SPID STID PNAME PROGRAM EXECUTION_ ------------------------ ------------------------ ----- ------------------------------------------------ ---------- PSEUDO NONE 25236 25236 PMON oracle@ol6.localdomain (PMON) PROCESS 25242 25242 PSP0 oracle@ol6.localdomain (PSP0) PROCESS 25244 25244 VKTM oracle@ol6.localdomain (VKTM) PROCESS 25268 25268 DBW0 oracle@ol6.localdomain (DBW0) PROCESS 25238 25238 SCMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (SCMN) THREAD 25238 25240 CLMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (CLMN) THREAD 25238 25247 GEN0 oracle@ol6.localdomain (GEN0) THREAD 25238 25248 MMAN oracle@ol6.localdomain (MMAN) THREAD 25238 25262 DBRM oracle@ol6.localdomain (DBRM) THREAD 25238 25265 PMAN oracle@ol6.localdomain (PMAN) THREAD 25238 25273 CKPT oracle@ol6.localdomain (CKPT) THREAD 25238 25274 SMON oracle@ol6.localdomain (SMON) THREAD 25238 25278 LREG oracle@ol6.localdomain (LREG) THREAD 25251 25251 SCMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (SCMN) THREAD 25251 25253 GEN1 oracle@ol6.localdomain (GEN1) THREAD 25255 25255 SCMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (SCMN) THREAD 25255 25257 DIAG oracle@ol6.localdomain (DIAG) THREAD 25255 25263 VKRM oracle@ol6.localdomain (VKRM) THREAD 25255 25264 SVCB oracle@ol6.localdomain (SVCB) THREAD 25255 25266 DIA0 oracle@ol6.localdomain (DIA0) THREAD 25255 25275 SMCO oracle@ol6.localdomain (SMCO) THREAD 25255 25276 RECO oracle@ol6.localdomain (RECO) THREAD 25255 25277 W000 oracle@ol6.localdomain (W000) THREAD 25255 25279 W001 oracle@ol6.localdomain (W001) THREAD 25255 25280 PXMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (PXMN) THREAD 25255 25282 MMON oracle@ol6.localdomain (MMON) THREAD 25255 25283 MMNL oracle@ol6.localdomain (MMNL) THREAD 25255 25284 D000 oracle@ol6.localdomain (D000) THREAD 25255 25285 S000 oracle@ol6.localdomain (S000) THREAD 25255 25286 TMON oracle@ol6.localdomain (TMON) THREAD 25255 25287 N000 oracle@ol6.localdomain (N000) THREAD 25255 25296 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25297 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25298 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25299 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25300 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25301 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25302 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25303 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25304 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25305 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25306 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25307 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25308 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25309 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25310 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25311 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25312 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25313 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25314 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25315 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25319 TT00 oracle@ol6.localdomain (TT00) THREAD 25255 25320 TT01 oracle@ol6.localdomain (TT01) THREAD 25255 25321 TT02 oracle@ol6.localdomain (TT02) THREAD 25255 25330 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25331 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25332 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25333 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25334 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25335 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25336 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25337 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25338 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25339 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25340 AQPC oracle@ol6.localdomain (AQPC) THREAD 25255 25342 P000 oracle@ol6.localdomain (P000) THREAD 25255 25343 P001 oracle@ol6.localdomain (P001) THREAD 25255 25344 P002 oracle@ol6.localdomain (P002) THREAD 25255 25345 P003 oracle@ol6.localdomain (P003) THREAD 25255 25491 CJQ0 oracle@ol6.localdomain (CJQ0) THREAD 25255 25528 QM02 oracle@ol6.localdomain (QM02) THREAD 25255 25530 Q002 oracle@ol6.localdomain (Q002) THREAD 25255 25531 Q003 oracle@ol6.localdomain (Q003) THREAD 25255 25532 Q004 oracle@ol6.localdomain (Q004) THREAD 25255 25533 Q005 oracle@ol6.localdomain (Q005) THREAD 25255 25534 Q006 oracle@ol6.localdomain (Q006) THREAD 25255 25535 Q007 oracle@ol6.localdomain (Q007) THREAD 25255 25536 Q008 oracle@ol6.localdomain (Q008) THREAD 25255 25633 W002 oracle@ol6.localdomain (W002) THREAD 25259 25259 SCMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (SCMN) THREAD 25259 25261 OFSD oracle@ol6.localdomain (OFSD) THREAD 25270 25270 SCMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (SCMN) THREAD 25270 25272 LGWR oracle@ol6.localdomain (LGWR) THREAD
5.通過監(jiān)聽連接，可以看到仍然是進程模式。
[oracle@ol6 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Aug 3 16:14:48 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> connect sys/oracle as sysdba Connected. SQL> SQL> connect sys/oracle@pdb as sysdba Connected. [root@ol6 ~]# ps -ef | grep cdb1 oracle 25236 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_cdb1 oracle 25238 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_u002_cdb1 oracle 25242 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_cdb1 oracle 25244 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:06 ora_vktm_cdb1 oracle 25251 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen1_cdb1 oracle 25255 1 2 16:03 ? 00:00:17 ora_u006_cdb1 oracle 25259 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_ofsd_cdb1 oracle 25268 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_cdb1 oracle 25270 1 0 16:03 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_cdb1 oracle 27220 1 0 16:15 ? 00:00:00 oraclecdb1 (LOCAL=NO) root 27270 24458 0 16:15 pts/1 00:00:00 grep cdb1
6.如果要通過監(jiān)聽的方式連接變成線程模式，需要修改監(jiān)聽的參數(shù)DEDICATED_THROUGH_BROKER_listener-name，并重啟監(jiān)聽才行。
[oracle@ol6 admin]$ vi listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ol6.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) ) ) DEDICATED_THROUGH_BROKER_listener-name=ON
7.再次通過監(jiān)聽連接到數(shù)據(jù)庫,發(fā)現(xiàn)新連接上的會話已經(jīng)變成了線程模式。
SQL> select spid from v$process where addr in (select paddr from v$session where sid=28); SPID ------------------------ 25255 SQL> / SPID STID PNAME PROGRAM EXECUTION_ ------------------------ ------------------------ ----- ------------------------------------------------ ---------- PSEUDO NONE 25236 25236 PMON oracle@ol6.localdomain (PMON) PROCESS 25242 25242 PSP0 oracle@ol6.localdomain (PSP0) PROCESS 25244 25244 VKTM oracle@ol6.localdomain (VKTM) PROCESS 25268 25268 DBW0 oracle@ol6.localdomain (DBW0) PROCESS 27220 27220 oracle@ol6.localdomain PROCESS 25238 25238 SCMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (SCMN) THREAD 25238 25240 CLMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (CLMN) THREAD 25238 25247 GEN0 oracle@ol6.localdomain (GEN0) THREAD 25238 25248 MMAN oracle@ol6.localdomain (MMAN) THREAD 25238 25262 DBRM oracle@ol6.localdomain (DBRM) THREAD 25238 25265 PMAN oracle@ol6.localdomain (PMAN) THREAD 25238 25273 CKPT oracle@ol6.localdomain (CKPT) THREAD 25238 25274 SMON oracle@ol6.localdomain (SMON) THREAD 25238 25278 LREG oracle@ol6.localdomain (LREG) THREAD 25251 25251 SCMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (SCMN) THREAD 25251 25253 GEN1 oracle@ol6.localdomain (GEN1) THREAD 25255 25255 SCMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (SCMN) THREAD 25255 25257 DIAG oracle@ol6.localdomain (DIAG) THREAD 25255 25263 VKRM oracle@ol6.localdomain (VKRM) THREAD 25255 25264 SVCB oracle@ol6.localdomain (SVCB) THREAD 25255 25266 DIA0 oracle@ol6.localdomain (DIA0) THREAD 25255 25275 SMCO oracle@ol6.localdomain (SMCO) THREAD 25255 25276 RECO oracle@ol6.localdomain (RECO) THREAD 25255 25280 PXMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (PXMN) THREAD 25255 25282 MMON oracle@ol6.localdomain (MMON) THREAD 25255 25283 MMNL oracle@ol6.localdomain (MMNL) THREAD 25255 25284 D000 oracle@ol6.localdomain (D000) THREAD 25255 25285 S000 oracle@ol6.localdomain (S000) THREAD 25255 25286 TMON oracle@ol6.localdomain (TMON) THREAD 25255 25287 N000 oracle@ol6.localdomain (N000) THREAD 25255 25296 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25297 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25300 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25301 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25302 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25304 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25306 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25307 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25308 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25309 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25310 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25311 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25314 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25315 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25319 TT00 oracle@ol6.localdomain (TT00) THREAD 25255 25320 TT01 oracle@ol6.localdomain (TT01) THREAD 25255 25321 TT02 oracle@ol6.localdomain (TT02) THREAD 25255 25330 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25331 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25332 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25333 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25334 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25336 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25337 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25338 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25339 oracle@ol6.localdomain THREAD 25255 25340 AQPC oracle@ol6.localdomain (AQPC) THREAD 25255 25342 P000 oracle@ol6.localdomain (P000) THREAD 25255 25343 P001 oracle@ol6.localdomain (P001) THREAD 25255 25344 P002 oracle@ol6.localdomain (P002) THREAD 25255 25345 P003 oracle@ol6.localdomain (P003) THREAD 25255 25491 CJQ0 oracle@ol6.localdomain (CJQ0) THREAD 25255 25528 QM02 oracle@ol6.localdomain (QM02) THREAD 25255 25530 Q002 oracle@ol6.localdomain (Q002) THREAD 25255 25533 Q005 oracle@ol6.localdomain (Q005) THREAD 25255 25535 Q007 oracle@ol6.localdomain (Q007) THREAD 25255 26267 W003 oracle@ol6.localdomain (W003) THREAD 25255 26842 W004 oracle@ol6.localdomain (W004) THREAD 25255 27011 W005 oracle@ol6.localdomain (W005) THREAD 25255 27239 W006 oracle@ol6.localdomain (W006) THREAD 25259 25259 SCMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (SCMN) THREAD 25259 25261 OFSD oracle@ol6.localdomain (OFSD) THREAD 25270 25270 SCMN oracle@ol6.localdomain (SCMN) THREAD 25270 25272 LGWR oracle@ol6.localdomain (LGWR) THREAD
當(dāng)然需要注意的一點是，如果在AIX上使用線程模式，需要安裝補丁BUG 22226365 – THREADED_EXECUTION=TRUE – SCMN PROCESS RES MEMORY INCREASES。
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