vagrant+virtualBox構(gòu)建虛擬機(jī)的方法

一、介紹

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Vagrant是一個(gè)構(gòu)建和管理虛擬機(jī)(VirtualBox)的工具。

我的環(huán)境：Mac + Vagrant + VirtualBox

網(wǎng)盤(pán)下載地址：鏈接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1LKacXPQcgh3MjgWiIZ0zhQ 密碼: n998

二、安裝
VirtualBox: https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads

Vagrant: http://downloads.vagrantup.co

三、在線(xiàn)創(chuàng)建虛擬機(jī)

1.在官網(wǎng)找到自己想要安裝的操作系統(tǒng)：https://app.vagrantup.com/boxes/search

2.點(diǎn)進(jìn)去，執(zhí)行命令創(chuàng)建并啟動(dòng)虛擬機(jī)：https://app.vagrantup.com/centos/boxes/7注意：需要單獨(dú)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)目錄，在該目錄下執(zhí)行vagrant命令

，一個(gè)目錄對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)虛擬機(jī)。vagrant init會(huì)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)配置文件Vagrantfile

三、離線(xiàn)創(chuàng)建虛擬機(jī)

1.添加

vagrant box add centOs7 /Users/xianbin.yang/Documents/vagrant/centos-7.0-x86_64.box

➜ vagrant vagrant box add centOs7 /Users/xianbin.yang/Documents/vagrant/centos-7.0-x86_64.box==> box: Box file was not detected as metadata. Adding it directly...==> box: Adding box 'centOs7' (v0) for provider: box: Unpacking necessary files from: file:///Users/xianbin.yang/Documents/vagrant/centos-7.0-x86_64.box==> box: Successfully added box 'centOs7' (v0) for 'virtualbox'!

2.初始化

vagrant init centOs7

➜ vagrant vagrant init centOs7A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are nowready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please readthe comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.

3.啟動(dòng)

vagrant up

➜ vagrant vagrant upBringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...==> default: Importing base box 'centOs7'...==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...==> default: Setting the name of the VM: vagrant_default_1612583375721_1893==> default: Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration... default: Adapter 1: nat==> default: Forwarding ports... default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)==> default: Booting VM...==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes... default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222 default: SSH username: vagrant default: SSH auth method: private key default: default: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace default: this with a newly generated keypair for better security. default: default: Inserting generated public key within guest... default: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present... default: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...==> default: Machine booted and ready!==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM... default: The guest additions on this VM do not match the installed version of default: VirtualBox! In most cases this is fine, but in rare cases it can default: prevent things such as shared folders from working properly. If you see default: shared folder errors, please make sure the guest additions within the default: virtual machine match the version of VirtualBox you have installed on default: your host and reload your VM. default: default: Guest Additions Version: 4.3.28 default: VirtualBox Version: 6.1==> default: Mounting shared folders... default: /vagrant => /Users/xianbin.yang/Documents/vagrant四、常用命令

五、Vagrantfile常用配置

1.配置固定ip、內(nèi)存、cpu

# -*- mode: ruby -*-# vi: set ft=ruby : Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "centOs7" config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10" config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.cpus = 4 vb.memory = "8192" endend

注意：配置后需要vagrant reload

2.配置root用戶(hù)和ssh免密

vagrant用戶(hù)登錄：vagrant ssh

設(shè)置root密碼：sudo passwd root

配置ssh免密：ssh-copy-id root@192.168.33.10

ssh登錄：ssh root@192.168.33.10

3.關(guān)閉防火墻
檢查防火墻狀態(tài)：systemctl status firewalld
關(guān)閉防火墻：systemctl stop firewalld

設(shè)置開(kāi)機(jī)禁用防火墻：systemctl disable firewalld.service

參考鏈接：

https://learn.hashicorp.com/tutorials/vagrant/getting-started-index?in=vagrant/getting-started

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