本文小編為大家詳細(xì)介紹“怎么使用vue制作探探滑動(dòng)堆疊組件”,內(nèi)容詳細(xì),步驟清晰,細(xì)節(jié)處理妥當(dāng),希望這篇“怎么使用vue制作探探滑動(dòng)堆疊組件”文章能幫助大家解決疑惑,下面跟著小編的思路慢慢深入,一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)新知識(shí)吧。
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效果圖如下所示:
前言
嗨,說(shuō)起探探想必各位程序汪都不陌生(畢竟妹子很多),能在上面絲滑的翻牌子,探探的的堆疊滑動(dòng)組件起到了關(guān)鍵的作用,下面就來(lái)看看如何用vue寫(xiě)一個(gè)探探的堆疊組件
一. 功能分析
簡(jiǎn)單使用下探探會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),堆疊滑動(dòng)的功能很簡(jiǎn)單,用一張圖概括就是:
簡(jiǎn)單歸納下里面包含的基本功能點(diǎn):
圖片的堆疊
圖片第一張的滑動(dòng)
條件成功后的滑出,條件失敗后的回彈
滑出后下一張圖片堆疊到頂部
體驗(yàn)優(yōu)化
根據(jù)觸摸點(diǎn)的不同,滑動(dòng)時(shí)首圖有不同角度偏移
偏移面積判定是否成功滑出
二. 具體實(shí)現(xiàn)
有了歸納好的功能點(diǎn),我們實(shí)現(xiàn)組件的思路會(huì)更清晰
1. 堆疊效果
堆疊圖片效果在網(wǎng)上有大量的實(shí)例,實(shí)現(xiàn)的方法大同小異,主要通過(guò)在父層設(shè)定perspective 及perspective-origin ,來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)子層的透視,子層設(shè)定好translate3d Z軸數(shù)值即可模擬出堆疊效果,具體代碼如下
// 圖片堆疊dom <!--opacity: 0 隱藏我們不想看到的stack-item層級(jí)--> <!--z-index: -1 調(diào)整stack-item層級(jí)"--> <ul class="stack"> <li class="stack-item" ><img src="1.png" alt="01"></li> <li class="stack-item" ><img src="2.png" alt="02"></li> <li class="stack-item" ><img src="3.png" alt="03"></li> <li class="stack-item" ><img src="4.png" alt="04"></li> <li class="stack-item" ><img src="5.png" alt="05"></li> </ul> <style> .stack { width: 100%; height: 100%; position: relative; perspective: 1000px; //子元素視距 perspective-origin: 50% 150%; //子元素透視位置 -webkit-perspective: 1000px; -webkit-perspective-origin: 50% 150%; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .stack-item{ background: #fff; height: 100%; width: 100%; border-radius: 4px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; } .stack-item img { width: 100%; display: block; pointer-events: none; } </style>
上面只是一組靜態(tài)代碼,我們希望得到的是vue組件,所以需要先建立一個(gè)組件模板stack.vue,在模板中我們可以使用v-for,遍歷出stack節(jié)點(diǎn),使用:style 來(lái)修改各個(gè)item的style,代碼如下
<template> <ul class="stack"> <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages" :> <img :src="item.src"> </li> </ul> </template> <script> export default { props: { // pages數(shù)據(jù)包含基礎(chǔ)的圖片數(shù)據(jù) pages: { type: Array, default: [] } }, data () { return { // basicdata數(shù)據(jù)包含組件基本數(shù)據(jù) basicdata: { currentPage: 0 // 默認(rèn)首圖的序列 }, // temporaryData數(shù)據(jù)包含組件臨時(shí)數(shù)據(jù) temporaryData: { opacity: 1, // 記錄opacity zIndex: 10, // 記錄zIndex visible: 3 // 記錄默認(rèn)顯示堆疊數(shù)visible } } }, methods: { // 遍歷樣式 transform (index) { if (index >= this.basicdata.currentPage) { let style = {} let visible = this.temporaryData.visible let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage // visible可見(jiàn)數(shù)量前滑塊的樣式 if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) { style['opacity'] = '1' style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')' style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease' style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms' } else { style['zIndex'] = '-1' style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')' } return style } } } } </script>
關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)
:style 可以綁定對(duì)象的同時(shí),也可以綁定數(shù)組和函數(shù),這在遍歷的時(shí)候很有用
最基本的dom結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)構(gòu)建完畢,下一步是讓首張圖片“動(dòng)”起來(lái)
2. 圖片滑動(dòng)
圖片滑動(dòng)效果,在很多場(chǎng)景中都有出現(xiàn),其原理無(wú)非是監(jiān)聽(tīng)touchs事件,得到位移,再通過(guò)translate3D改變目標(biāo)位移,因此我們要實(shí)現(xiàn)的步驟如下
對(duì)stack進(jìn)行touchs事件的綁定
監(jiān)聽(tīng)并儲(chǔ)存手勢(shì)位置變化的數(shù)值
改變首圖css屬性中translate3D的x,y值
#### 具體實(shí)現(xiàn)
在vue框架中,不建議直接操作節(jié)點(diǎn),而是通過(guò)指令v-on對(duì)元素進(jìn)行綁定,因此我們將綁定都寫(xiě)在v-for遍歷里,通過(guò)index進(jìn)行判斷其是否是首圖,再使用:style修改首頁(yè)的樣式,具體代碼如下:
<template> <ul class="stack"> <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages" : @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart" @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove" @touchend.stop.capture="touchend" @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart" @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend" @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove"> <img :src="item.src"> </li> </ul> </template> <script> export default { props: { // pages數(shù)據(jù)包含基礎(chǔ)的圖片數(shù)據(jù) pages: { type: Array, default: [] } }, data () { return { // basicdata數(shù)據(jù)包含組件基本數(shù)據(jù) basicdata: { start: {}, // 記錄起始位置 end: {}, // 記錄終點(diǎn)位置 currentPage: 0 // 默認(rèn)首圖的序列 }, // temporaryData數(shù)據(jù)包含組件臨時(shí)數(shù)據(jù) temporaryData: { poswidth: '', // 記錄位移 posheight: '', // 記錄位移 tracking: false // 是否在滑動(dòng),防止多次操作,影響體驗(yàn) } } }, methods: { touchstart (e) { if (this.temporaryData.tracking) { return } // 是否為touch if (e.type === 'touchstart') { if (e.touches.length > 1) { this.temporaryData.tracking = false return } else { // 記錄起始位置 this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime() this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY } // pc操作 } else { this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime() this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY } this.temporaryData.tracking = true }, touchmove (e) { // 記錄滑動(dòng)位置 if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) { if (e.type === 'touchmove') { this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY } else { this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY } // 計(jì)算滑動(dòng)值 this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y } }, touchend (e) { this.temporaryData.tracking = false // 滑動(dòng)結(jié)束,觸發(fā)判斷 }, // 非首頁(yè)樣式切換 transform (index) { if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) { let style = {} let visible = 3 let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage // visible可見(jiàn)數(shù)量前滑塊的樣式 if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) { style['opacity'] = '1' style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')' style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease' style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms' } else { style['zIndex'] = '-1' style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')' } return style } }, // 首頁(yè)樣式切換 transformIndex (index) { // 處理3D效果 if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) { let style = {} style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.poswidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.posheight + 'px' + ',0px)' style['opacity'] = 1 style['zIndex'] = 10 return style } } } } </script>
3. 條件成功后的滑出,條件失敗后的回彈
條件的觸發(fā)判斷是在touchend/mouseup后進(jìn)行,在這里我們先用簡(jiǎn)單的條件進(jìn)行判定,同時(shí)給予首圖彈出及回彈的效果,代碼如下
<template> <ul class="stack"> <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages" : @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove" @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart" @touchend.stop.capture="touchend" @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart" @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend" @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove"> <img :src="item.src"> </li> </ul> </template> <script> export default { props: { // pages數(shù)據(jù)包含基礎(chǔ)的圖片數(shù)據(jù) pages: { type: Array, default: [] } }, data () { return { // basicdata數(shù)據(jù)包含組件基本數(shù)據(jù) basicdata: { start: {}, // 記錄起始位置 end: {}, // 記錄終點(diǎn)位置 currentPage: 0 // 默認(rèn)首圖的序列 }, // temporaryData數(shù)據(jù)包含組件臨時(shí)數(shù)據(jù) temporaryData: { poswidth: '', // 記錄位移 posheight: '', // 記錄位移 tracking: false, // 是否在滑動(dòng),防止多次操作,影響體驗(yàn) animation: false, // 首圖是否啟用動(dòng)畫(huà)效果,默認(rèn)為否 opacity: 1 // 記錄首圖透明度 } } }, methods: { touchstart (e) { if (this.temporaryData.tracking) { return } // 是否為touch if (e.type === 'touchstart') { if (e.touches.length > 1) { this.temporaryData.tracking = false return } else { // 記錄起始位置 this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime() this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY } // pc操作 } else { this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime() this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY } this.temporaryData.tracking = true this.temporaryData.animation = false }, touchmove (e) { // 記錄滑動(dòng)位置 if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) { if (e.type === 'touchmove') { this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY } else { this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY } // 計(jì)算滑動(dòng)值 this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y } }, touchend (e) { this.temporaryData.tracking = false this.temporaryData.animation = true // 滑動(dòng)結(jié)束,觸發(fā)判斷 // 簡(jiǎn)單判斷滑動(dòng)寬度超出100像素時(shí)觸發(fā)滑出 if (Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth) >= 100) { // 最終位移簡(jiǎn)單設(shè)定為x軸200像素的偏移 let ratio = Math.abs(this.temporaryData.posheight / this.temporaryData.poswidth) this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth >= 0 ? this.temporaryData.poswidth + 200 : this.temporaryData.poswidth - 200 this.temporaryData.posheight = this.temporaryData.posheight >= 0 ? Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio) : -Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio) this.temporaryData.opacity = 0 // 不滿(mǎn)足條件則滑入 } else { this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0 this.temporaryData.posheight = 0 } }, // 非首頁(yè)樣式切換 transform (index) { if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) { let style = {} let visible = 3 let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage // visible可見(jiàn)數(shù)量前滑塊的樣式 if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) { style['opacity'] = '1' style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')' style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease' style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms' } else { style['zIndex'] = '-1' style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')' } return style } }, // 首頁(yè)樣式切換 transformIndex (index) { // 處理3D效果 if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) { let style = {} style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.poswidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.posheight + 'px' + ',0px)' style['opacity'] = this.temporaryData.opacity style['zIndex'] = 10 if (this.temporaryData.animation) { style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease' style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms' } return style } } } } </script>
4. 滑出后下一張圖片堆疊到頂部
重新堆疊是組件最后一個(gè)功能,同時(shí)也是最重要和復(fù)雜的功能。在我們的代碼里,stack-item的排序依賴(lài)綁定:style的transformIndex和transform函數(shù),函數(shù)里判定的條件是currentPage,那是不是改變currentPage,讓其+1,即可完成重新堆疊呢?
答案沒(méi)有那么簡(jiǎn)單,因?yàn)槲覀兓鍪莿?dòng)畫(huà)效果,會(huì)進(jìn)行300ms的時(shí)間,而currentPage變化引起的重排,會(huì)立即變化,打斷動(dòng)畫(huà)的進(jìn)行。因此我們需要先修改transform函數(shù)的排序條件,后改變currentPage。
#### 具體實(shí)現(xiàn)
修改transform函數(shù)排序條件
讓currentPage+1
添加onTransitionEnd事件,在滑出結(jié)束后,重新放置stack列表中
代碼如下:
<template> <ul class="stack"> <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages" : @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove" @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart" @touchend.stop.capture="touchend" @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart" @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend" @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove" @webkit-transition-end="onTransitionEnd" @transitionend="onTransitionEnd" > <img :src="item.src"> </li> </ul> </template> <script> export default { props: { // pages數(shù)據(jù)包含基礎(chǔ)的圖片數(shù)據(jù) pages: { type: Array, default: [] } }, data () { return { // basicdata數(shù)據(jù)包含組件基本數(shù)據(jù) basicdata: { start: {}, // 記錄起始位置 end: {}, // 記錄終點(diǎn)位置 currentPage: 0 // 默認(rèn)首圖的序列 }, // temporaryData數(shù)據(jù)包含組件臨時(shí)數(shù)據(jù) temporaryData: { poswidth: '', // 記錄位移 posheight: '', // 記錄位移 lastPosWidth: '', // 記錄上次最終位移 lastPosHeight: '', // 記錄上次最終位移 tracking: false, // 是否在滑動(dòng),防止多次操作,影響體驗(yàn) animation: false, // 首圖是否啟用動(dòng)畫(huà)效果,默認(rèn)為否 opacity: 1, // 記錄首圖透明度 swipe: false // onTransition判定條件 } } }, methods: { touchstart (e) { if (this.temporaryData.tracking) { return } // 是否為touch if (e.type === 'touchstart') { if (e.touches.length > 1) { this.temporaryData.tracking = false return } else { // 記錄起始位置 this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime() this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY } // pc操作 } else { this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime() this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY } this.temporaryData.tracking = true this.temporaryData.animation = false }, touchmove (e) { // 記錄滑動(dòng)位置 if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) { if (e.type === 'touchmove') { this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY } else { this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY } // 計(jì)算滑動(dòng)值 this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y } }, touchend (e) { this.temporaryData.tracking = false this.temporaryData.animation = true // 滑動(dòng)結(jié)束,觸發(fā)判斷 // 簡(jiǎn)單判斷滑動(dòng)寬度超出100像素時(shí)觸發(fā)滑出 if (Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth) >= 100) { // 最終位移簡(jiǎn)單設(shè)定為x軸200像素的偏移 let ratio = Math.abs(this.temporaryData.posheight / this.temporaryData.poswidth) this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth >= 0 ? this.temporaryData.poswidth + 200 : this.temporaryData.poswidth - 200 this.temporaryData.posheight = this.temporaryData.posheight >= 0 ? Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio) : -Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio) this.temporaryData.opacity = 0 this.temporaryData.swipe = true // 記錄最終滑動(dòng)距離 this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight = this.temporaryData.posheight // currentPage+1 引發(fā)排序變化 this.basicdata.currentPage += 1 // currentPage切換,整體dom進(jìn)行變化,把第一層滑動(dòng)置零 this.$nextTick(() => { this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0 this.temporaryData.posheight = 0 this.temporaryData.opacity = 1 }) // 不滿(mǎn)足條件則滑入 } else { this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0 this.temporaryData.posheight = 0 this.temporaryData.swipe = false } }, onTransitionEnd (index) { // dom發(fā)生變化后,正在執(zhí)行的動(dòng)畫(huà)滑動(dòng)序列已經(jīng)變?yōu)樯弦粚? if (this.temporaryData.swipe && index === this.basicdata.currentPage - 1) { this.temporaryData.animation = true this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth = 0 this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight = 0 this.temporaryData.swipe = false } }, // 非首頁(yè)樣式切換 transform (index) { if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) { let style = {} let visible = 3 let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage // visible可見(jiàn)數(shù)量前滑塊的樣式 if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) { style['opacity'] = '1' style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')' style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease' style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms' } else { style['zIndex'] = '-1' style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')' } return style // 已滑動(dòng)模塊釋放后 } else if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage - 1) { let style = {} // 繼續(xù)執(zhí)行動(dòng)畫(huà) style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight + 'px' + ',0px)' style['opacity'] = '0' style['zIndex'] = '-1' style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease' style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms' return style } }, // 首頁(yè)樣式切換 transformIndex (index) { // 處理3D效果 if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) { let style = {} style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.poswidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.posheight + 'px' + ',0px)' style['opacity'] = this.temporaryData.opacity style['zIndex'] = 10 if (this.temporaryData.animation) { style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease' style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms' } return style } } } } </script>
ok~ 完成了上面的四步,堆疊組件的基本功能就已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn),快來(lái)看看效果吧
堆疊滑動(dòng)效果已經(jīng)出來(lái)了,但是探探在體驗(yàn)上,還增加了觸碰角度偏移,以及判定滑出面積比例
角度偏移的原理,是在用戶(hù)每次進(jìn)行touch時(shí),記錄用戶(hù)觸碰位置,計(jì)算出最大的偏移角度,在滑動(dòng)出現(xiàn)位移時(shí),線(xiàn)性增加角度以至最大的偏移角度。
使用在stack中具體要做的是:
touchmove中計(jì)算出所需角度和方向
touchend及onTransitionEnd中將角度至零
判定滑出面積比例,主要通過(guò)偏移量計(jì)算出偏移面積,從而得到面積比例,完成判斷
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